Drivers of Bitcoin’s valuation in 2025
Bitcoin has already achieved major highs that very few thought possible. The ink on the current drivers of its all-time high is still wet.
One of the major catalysts was the introduction of spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in early 2024, such as BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF. By mid-2025, US Bitcoin ETFs had amassed $14.8 billion in net inflows, with BlackRock’s ETF alone raising over $1.3 billion in just two days.
In addition, US President Donald Trump’s executive order to establish a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve in March 2025, capitalized with approximately 200,000 Bitcoin (BTC), sent a clear message of government support. This further reinforced Bitcoin’s growing status as a legitimate asset and helped boost investor confidence.
The optimism surrounding Bitcoin reached new heights during the “Crypto Week” in Washington, D.C. in July 2025, where Bitcoin surged to an all-time high of $123,166.
Is $1-million Bitcoin possible?
So, is $1 million per Bitcoin a realistic target? Several key factors suggest that it is entirely possible, though achieving it will require a lot.
- Limited supply: Bitcoin’s scarcity is one of its most compelling features. With a capped supply of 21 million coins, Bitcoin’s value naturally increases as demand rises. The limited supply ensures that Bitcoin cannot be inflated like fiat currencies, making it a potential store of value similar to gold.
- Institutional investment: The influx of institutional investment is changing Bitcoin’s market dynamics. As large financial institutions enter the market, Bitcoin’s legitimacy is solidified, creating more demand and pushing prices higher.
- Crypto adoption potential: Approximately 6.8% of the global population now owns cryptocurrency, equating to over 560 million people (with a compound annual growth rate of around 34%). There’s plenty of room for growth.
- FOMO: A 2025 survey by Security.org found that 67% of current cryptocurrency owners primarily invest in digital assets like Bitcoin with the expectation of making money. As Bitcoin’s price continues to rise, more investors are subjected to fear of missing out.
Who believes Bitcoin could hit $1 million?
Several prominent figures have predicted that Bitcoin could reach $1 million per coin, with their projections highlighting the increasing potential for the cryptocurrency.
- Cathie Wood has been a vocal advocate for Bitcoin, predicting that the cryptocurrency could hit $1.5 million by 2030 in ARK Invest’s “Bull Case” scenario.
- Michael Saylor, the founder of Strategy, has repeatedly stated that Bitcoin’s price will hit $1 million when Wall Street holds 10% of its reserves in Bitcoin.
- Robert Kiyosaki shares a similar sentiment, predicting that Bitcoin could hit $1 million by 2030. He views Bitcoin as a hedge against inflation, much like precious metals.
What would it take for Bitcoin to reach $1 million?
To reach $1 million per Bitcoin, several things need to happen in the market. Here’s a breakdown of the major factors:
Much more institutional investment
For Bitcoin to reach $1 million, its market cap would need to exceed $21 trillion — surpassing gold’s value.
Michael Saylor has suggested that if Wall Street allocated 10% of its reserves to Bitcoin, the market cap could reach $20 trillion, pushing Bitcoin’s price to $1 million.
However, institutional involvement remains limited, with less than 5% of Bitcoin ETF assets held by long-term institutional investors. Retail investors currently dominate the Bitcoin ETF market.
Global adoption
Reaching $1 million per Bitcoin requires widespread global adoption, with experts estimating that 20%-40% of the world’s population (1.6 billion-3.2 billion people) would need to adopt Bitcoin.
This requires advancements in infrastructure, education and regulatory support.
Continued regulatory support
Clear and supportive regulation is crucial for Bitcoin’s growth. A unified approach would reduce uncertainty and foster investment.
Efforts like the GENIUS Act and the Clarity Act in 2025 have set clearer guidelines for digital assets, boosting institutional confidence and paving the way for broader adoption.
Continued technological development
The continued development of solutions like the Lightning Network, which improves transaction speed and lowers fees, is essential for scaling Bitcoin, even as a store of value.
What happens if Bitcoin hits $1 million? The BTC million-dollar impact
If Bitcoin really does reach $1 million, who will the winners and losers be? Hint: It smells a bit like a pyramid scheme.
Winners: Early adopters
If Bitcoin reaches $1 million, the value of holdings across the network will soar.
As of 2025, approximately 900,000 addresses hold at least 1 BTC, while around 4% of the global population owns some amount of Bitcoin. The majority of Bitcoin, however, is controlled by a small group of wealthy individuals and institutions.
Strategy, for example, would be a major winner. If Bitcoin hits $1 million, Strategy’s current Bitcoin holdings would be worth over $600 billion.
Early retail investors who acquired Bitcoin at prices as low as $0.01-$1 would see exponential returns. Someone who bought Bitcoin for a few cents could see their holdings grow into a multimillion-dollar asset.
Did you know? Satoshi Nakamoto, the creator of Bitcoin, is believed to hold about 1.1 million BTC, around 5.2% of the total supply. At $1 million per Bitcoin, this would make Satoshi’s holdings worth an estimated $1.1 trillion.
Losers: Latecomers
As Bitcoin approaches $1 million, the gap between early investors and latecomers could widen, exacerbating global financial inequality.
Those who entered the market early stand to gain immensely, while new investors (particularly retail buyers) will face higher entry costs and lower potential for returns. Latecomers may risk significant losses if Bitcoin’s price corrects or crashes after reaching its peak.
Bitcoin’s growth mirrors a pyramid structure, where early participants benefit as fresh capital from new buyers enters at higher prices. However, this reliance on continuous investment to drive growth leaves the system vulnerable.
Unlike traditional investments, Bitcoin’s value is largely driven by speculation and supply-demand dynamics, without the inherent utility that stocks or real estate provide. As the price rises, newer investors are essentially funding the gains of early adopters.
If Bitcoin’s price stagnates or falls, those who bought in at inflated prices could suffer significant losses.
Did you know? Governments could also be significant losers in a Bitcoin-driven world. With the rise of decentralized cryptocurrencies, they may face reduced demand for fiat currencies and a loss of fiscal control.
Is Bitcoin’s potential to reach $1 million just a house of cards?
While Bitcoin’s future is promising, it faces existential threats from emerging technologies, particularly quantum computing.
Quantum computers have the potential to undermine Bitcoin’s cryptographic security, primarily through Shor’s algorithm. This could allow quantum computers to efficiently factor large integers and compute discrete logarithms (which are currently infeasible for classical computers), posing a direct threat to Bitcoin’s encryption methods.
Bitcoin’s reliance on elliptic curve cryptography makes it particularly vulnerable to these quantum attacks. In fact, approximately 4 million BTC (roughly 25% of the usable supply) is stored in addresses with exposed public keys, which would be vulnerable to quantum attacks.
The potential economic damage from a quantum attack on future Bitcoin holdings could be catastrophic; a successful hack on a widely adopted currency ($1 trillion worth of market cap as of July 21, 2025) has the ability to trigger a global recession.
Bitcoin’s decentralized nature means there is no central authority to quickly implement fixes or security measures, increasing the risk of widespread economic instability in the event of a quantum attack.
However, to protect Bitcoin from these risks, post-quantum cryptography algorithms are being developed. The National Institute of Standards and Technology is working on standardizing these algorithms to secure digital assets against quantum threats.
But implementing these new algorithms would require a massive coordinated effort across Bitcoin’s entire network. Transitioning to quantum-resistant cryptography would likely take time, with estimates suggesting the transition could require up to 76 days of downtime for the network.
While just one of the many concerns outlined today, the quantum threat offers some important food for thought: Even if Bitcoin manages to reach the $1-million mark, can it truly be considered a sure bet?